He State Public Employment Service (SEPE) allows the unemployed who receive the subsidy for those over 52 years of age request the early, voluntary and involuntary retirementas long as they comply with the requirements established by Social Security. This aid has an amount equivalent to 80% of the Multiple Effects Public Income Indicator (IPREM), which in 2025 amounts to 480 euros. However, for many this amount may be insufficient, which is why the retirement pension, generally larger in amount, becomes a more attractive option.
The advantages of collecting the subsidy for those over 52 years of age is that in addition to being collected indefinitely until reaching retirement age, it contributes to the pension. Specifically, it does so for the 125% of the minimum contribution base current at all times. In 2025, it is set at 1,653.75 euros per month.
Despite the benefits, entering the labor market from the age of 61 can be an ordeal, which can harm the amount, especially in those workers where their last contribution bases were high before becoming unemployed.
What are the requirements to anticipate retirement by collecting the subsidy for those over 52 years of age?
The voluntary early retirement allows the ordinary retirement age to be advanced by up to 24 months (2 years). That is, in 2025 it will be possible to advance to age 63 for those who prove at least 38 years and 3 months of contributions. If this requirement is not met, the minimum age will be 64 years and 8 months. Besides, Social Security requires a minimum of 35 years of contributionsof which at least two must be within the last 15 years.
Furthermore, it is necessary that the resulting pensionafter having applied the Social Security calculation method, is higher than the minimum pension that would correspond to the beneficiary based on his family situation upon turning 65 years of age.
In the case of the involuntary or forced early retirementwhich allows the retirement age to be advanced up to 48 months, this will be set at 61 years for those who prove 38 years and 3 months of Social Security contributions, or at 62 years and 8 months if they have at least 33 years of contributions. Of these, a minimum of 2 years must be within the last 15 years. Furthermore, it is essential that the Termination of employment is beyond the control of the workeras in cases of dismissal due to Employment Regulation File (ERE), in accordance with article 52 of the Workers’ Statute, among other circumstances included in the regulations.
If you are receiving the subsidy for those over 52 years of age, Social Security requires that the applicant has been registered as a job seeker for six months immediately prior to the date of retirement application.
How much do they take from your pension for early retirement?
The early retirement modality always entails cuts to the pension. These are applied after calculating the regulatory base and They range from 2.81% to 30%depending on the years of contributions and the months in which retirement is brought forward. For early retirement, the following cuts will apply:
- With less than 38 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 21% if the retirement is brought forward 2 years and 3.26% if the advance is one month.
- Between 38 years and six months and 41 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 19% if it is 2 years early and 3.11% if it is one month earlier.
- Between 41 years and six months and 44 years and 6 months of contributions, the reducing coefficient will be 17% if retirement is advanced by 2 years and 2.86% if the advance is one month.
- With more than 44 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 13% if the advance is 2 years and 2.81% if the advance is one month.
In the case of involuntary early retirements:
- With less than 38 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 30% if the retirement is advanced 4 years, 22.50% if the advance is 3 years, 15% if it is 2 years and 5.50 % if advanced 1 year.
- Between 38 years and six months and 41 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 28% if retirement is advanced 4 years, 21% if it is 3 years, 14% if it is 2 years and 5.25 % if advanced 1 year.
- Between 41 years and six months and 44 years and 6 months of contributions, the reducing coefficient will be 26% if retirement is advanced 4 years, 19.50% if it is 3 years, 13% if it is 2 years and 5% if the advance is 1 year.
- With more than 44 years and 6 months of contributions, the cut will be 24% if the retirement is advanced 4 years, 18% if it is 3 years, 12% if it is 2 years and 4.75% if the advance It is 1 year.
The beneficiary of the subsidy for those over 52 years of age decides if he wants to retire
Beneficiaries of the subsidy for those over 52 years of age and meet the requirements for retire early will be able to decide if they want to do so or not. Until 2019, it was mandatory for people who received the subsidy, but since the reform of article 277.3 of the General Social Security Law, this condition disappeared.
Thus, workers can decide between retiring early or continuing to collect the benefit until they reach ordinary retirement age. Now, what is not possible is to continue receiving the subsidy beyond the ordinary age, since it is incompatible with the regulations.