Retire at 61 in Spain and charging the retirement tax pension is possible. Social security allows it, but only through involuntary early retirement. To access this modality, it is requested, that in addition to having a minimum of quoted years, that access is for a reason outside the worker’s will, hence it is involuntary.
Involuntary anticipated retirement allows advance the ordinary retirement age up to 48 months (4 years). In 2025, the ordinary retirement age is set at 66 years and 8 months, except for those who have quoted at least 38 years and 3 months, in which case they can retire at 65. Therefore, to access early retirement with 61 years, it will be necessary to meet the requirements to retire at 65. These conditions apply only to 2025, since they will change in the coming years in accordance with Law 27/2011.
| Year | Quoted periods | Retirement age |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 38 years and 3 months or more | 61 years |
| Less than 38 years and 3 months | 62 years and 8 months | |
| 2026 | 38 years and 3 months or more | 61 years |
| Less than 38 years and 3 months | 62 years and 10 months | |
| From 2027 | 38 years and 6 months or more | 61 years |
| Less than 38 years and 6 months | 63 years |
Now, you have to know that although the involuntary anticipated retirement is due to causes outside the will of the workerthe decision to retire or will not fall on the worker and future pensioner. So, since it is a decision that enjoys the pension before the ordinary age, social security will apply a series of cuts on the amount, known as reducing coefficients that will be greater or less depending on the months advanced and the Total years quoted throughout working life.
Requirements to retire with 61 years
For retire at 61 Through involuntary early retirement, it is necessary to have traded a minimum of 38 years and three months. Although Social Security only demands 33 years quoted, the advancement of retirement in four years with respect to the ordinary age of 65 years requires reaching that price period.
In the case of workers included in the Special Agrarian System, it is established that, in the last 10 years quoted, at least six must correspond to periods of effective activity in this system. The periods in which the contributory benefit for unemployment, better known as unemployment will also be computed.
In addition, as is an involuntary anticipation of retirement, it is necessary that the reason or termination of the contract work for any of the following circumstances:
- Collective dismissal for economic, technical, organizational or production causes, according to article 51 of the Workers’ Statute (ET).
- Objective dismissal for legal causes, in accordance with article 52 of the ET.
- Termination of the contract by judicial resolution in the cases provided for in the bankruptcy law.
- Death, retirement or inability of the individual entrepreneur, or the extinction of the legal personality of the company.
- Extinction of the Contract by force majeure, accredited by the Labor Authority, according to article 51.7 of the ET.
- Voluntary extinction by the worker in situations of geographical mobility (art. 40.1 of the ET), substantial modification of working conditions (art. 41.3 of the ET), serious breaches of the entrepreneur (art. 50 of the ET).
- Extinction of the contract by decision of the worker victim of gender violence, under article 49.1.M) of the ET.
In addition, it is necessary to be in high or high assimilated situation and be registered as a job seeker during a period of at least six months immediately prior to the date of the retirement application.
Now, in the event that the employer has paid the worker, after the termination of the contract and in the two years prior to the application for early retirement, a monthly amount equivalent to the unemployment benefit plus the quota of the special agreement with security with the security with the security Social, then the requirements of being registered as a job applicant for six months or that the labor cessation are not attributable to the worker will not be required.
How your pension is reduced by retirement at 63 years
Early retirement always involves a reduction in the amount of the pension, whether it is voluntary and involuntary. In the case of retirement at age 61, the cuts will be the following:
- With less than 38 years and six months quoted, the cut on the amount will be 30%.
- Between 38 years and six months and 41 years and six months quoted, the reduction will be 28%.
- Between 41 years and six months and 44 years and six months quoted, the reduction will be 26%.
- With more than 44 years and six months quoted, the cut will be 24%.