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The myth of the “healthy glass of wine” is definitely dead. The current medical evidence, supported by the World Health Organization (WHO), is clear: the safe level of alcohol consumption is zero.
Beyond the hangover, the real impact of this substance on the brain is a process of “programmed cell death” that transforms memories into empty spaces. Dr. José Manuel Felices, medical specialist, warns about this phenomenon: “When you drink alcohol, the receptors in the memory area are blocked; the brain cannot press the save button and that is why these gaps are caused.”
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The effects of alcohol, beyond the hangover
This process, technically known as hippocampal inhibition, prevents experiences from becoming stable memories. It is not that the individual forgets what he did during a night of excess; The thing is that, physically, that information was never recorded.
According to Dr. Felices, the long-term consequences are devastating: neurons atrophy, gray matter is lost and its place is taken by cerebrospinal fluid. “Do you see those black holes in the resonances? Before they were memories, now they are water,” the doctor explains graphically.
The brain “shrinks” with social consumption
A massive study coordinated by the University of Oxford and published in The Lancet Public Health This year corroborates this reality. Research shows that alcohol acts as a neurotoxin that reduces neuronal density in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. MRIs of habitual drinkers show dilation of the cerebral ventricles; That is, the brain shrinks and the excess space fills with fluid, which is equivalent to premature aging of up to 10 years.
The implications on daily life are direct and severe:
- Loss of identity: When the hippocampus is damaged, the ability to create new memories is lost and stored ones are eroded. “Alcohol makes you forget who you are,” warns Felices.
- Lack of control: Atrophy in the prefrontal cortex results in a loss of judgment and impulse control.
- Motor impairment: Neuronal degeneration in the cerebellum affects balance and coordination in the long term.
More than 200 diseases caused by alcohol
The Ministry of Health, in its latest report for 2026, links alcohol to more than 200 diseases and emphasizes that brain damage begins even with weekend “social consumption.” Dr. Felices makes a special appeal to parents: “You are young, your brain handles alcohol very well because it has a lot of matter to absorb, but it is breaking down.”
The clinical recommendation is unanimous: alcohol not only erases the past, but also makes the individual unable to store the good moments of the future.