From 2026, retirement in Spain will have new novelties in the calculation of the pension pension. This was explained by Alfonso Muñoz Cuenca, Social Security official specialized in pensions, through a video in which he explains the normative changes that will enter into force with the application of Royal Decree-Law 2/2023, which is the second pension reform or best known as “Escrivá Reform”.
Among the measures that will enter into force are two that are key. On the one hand, the way to calculate the regulatory base and, on the other hand, which affects periods without contribution in the working life of the worker or better known as “contribution gaps.”
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A new dual system in the calculation of the regulatory base
Now, the method for calculating the retirement pension was determined by adding the contribution bases of the last 25 years (300 months) and the result was divided between 350. This had a problem and that is those with more irregular contribution races or with without quoting spaces, they were harmed when calculating that regulatory base. To do this, the new system will implement a new dual system in which you can choose two options:
- On the one hand, continue with the last 25 years of contribution, which will benefit the most stable and continuous labor careers.
- The other way is to calculate the last 29 years, being able to rule out the 24 worst monthly payments (2 years). In practice, the 27 best contribution years will be taken into account.
To avoid problems, social security will always apply both calculations and offer the most beneficial one for the worker, so it will not be necessary to choose between any of the formulas.
In addition, he explains that this system “will not be implemented suddenly and porrazo, but will be applied gradually and progressively between 2026 and 2037”. That is, it will be implemented progressively from 2026 and for 12 years, up to 2038. Each year four months will be added to the pension calculation. In 2026, it can be chosen between the last 25 years of contribution (300 months) or 25.33 years (304 months), discarding two months with lower price. In 2038, the calculation will cover the best 27 years (324 months) of the last 29 years quoted (348 months).
Until December 31, 2040, if the calculation with 25 years is more beneficial, it will continue to apply. Between 2041 and 2043, periods of 306, 312 and 318 months, respectively, will be considered. From 2044, the pension will be calculated only with the last 29 years quoted, allowing to exclude the two years with less price.
Improvements in the integration of contribution lagoons
The other aspect affects the so -called “empty” in working life or periods in which it could not be quoted. Until now, the first 48 lagoons were integrated with 100% of the minimum base and the rest with 50%. But from 2026, this formula is modified for women and parents with children who have interrupted their work career by birth. In these cases, the lagoons will be integrated as follows:
- The first 60 monthly payments, with 100% of the minimum base.
- The next 24, with 80%.
- The rest, with 50%.
As Alfonso explains “Women who retire from 2026 and parents with children who have seen their work career interrupted at the birth of their children, the contribution gaps will be integrated as follows: 60 with 100%, 24 with 80% and the rest with 50% of the minimum base”.
To end the video explains that “this new dual calculation system of the regulatory base will not harm the new pensioners, since either the pension is resolved taking into account the current formula of the last 25 years, or depending on the new system, in the event that it is more beneficial, and its application will be immediate.”